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1 form a crust
v. kabuk bağlamak -
2 form a crust
v. kabuk bağlamak -
3 crust
crust n1 (on bread, pie) croûte f ; a crust of bread lit, fig une croûte de pain ; to earn one's crust ○ GB gagner sa croûte ○ ; he'd share his last crust il donnerait sa chemise ;2 (of mud, blood, snow) croûte f ; to form a crust former une croûte ; the earth's crust l'écorce f terrestre ;3 (of wine, port) dépôt m (de cristaux de tartre) ; -
4 bread
1. noun1) Brot, dasa piece of bread and butter — ein Butterbrot
[some] bread and butter — [ein paar] Butterbrote
bread and butter — (fig.) tägliches Brot
bread and water — (lit. or fig.) Wasser und Brot
2. transitive verbknow which side one's bread is buttered — wissen, wo etwas zu holen ist
* * *[bred]1) (a type of food made of flour or meal baked: bread and butter.) das Brot2) (one's living: This is how I earn my daily bread.) der Lebensunterhalt•- academic.ru/115493/breadcrumbs">breadcrumbs- breadwinner
- bread and butter
- on the breadline* * *[bred]n no plcrust of \bread Brotrinde f, Brotkruste fa slice of \bread eine Scheibe [o SCHWEIZ ein Stück] Brotto bake \bread Brot backento break the \bread das Brot brechen4.▶ the best thing since sliced \bread die beste Sache seit Menschengedenkenhe thinks his new secretary's the best thing since sliced \bread er hält seine neue Sekretärin für absolut Spitze fam▶ to cast one's \bread upon the waters etw ohne eine Dankeserwartung tun▶ \bread and circuses Brot und Spiele▶ the \bread of life das Brot des Lebensfor her, music was the \bread of life für sie war die Musik wie ein Lebenselixier▶ to take the \bread out of sb's mouth jdm das Wasser abgraben* * *[bred]1. n1) Brot ntwe just had bread and butter —
he was put on ( dry) bread and water — er saß bei Wasser und (trocken) Brot
he knows which side his bread is buttered (on) — er weiß, wo was zu holen ist
2)(= food, livelihood)
writing is his bread and butter — er verdient sich seinen Lebensunterhalt mit Schreibento break bread with sb (old) — sein Brot mit jdm teilen, das Brot mit jdm brechen (old)
2. vtpanieren* * *bread [bred]A s1. Brot nout of bread, without bread brotlos3. REL Hostie f:bread and wine das (heilige) Abendmahl4. umg. Knete f (Geld)a) Butterbrot n,b) umg Lebensunterhalt m;writing is his bread and butter umg er verdient sich seine Brötchen mit Schreiben;a) Käsebrot n,b) bescheidenes Mahl;bread and circuses Brot und Spiele;bread and dripping Schmalzbrot n;break bread with sb obs od hum das Brot mit jemandem brechen;butter one’s bread on both sides umg zwei Einnahmequellen haben, zweimal abkassieren umg;know which side one’s bread is buttered (on) umg seinen Vorteil (er)kennen;cast one’s bread upon the waters uneigennützig handeln;man cannot live by bread alone der Mensch lebt nicht vom Brot allein;be put on bread and water auf Wasser und Brot gesetzt werden;take the bread out of sb’s mouth umg jemanden brotlos machen* * *1. noun1) Brot, das[some] bread and butter — [ein paar] Butterbrote
bread and butter — (fig.) tägliches Brot
bread and water — (lit. or fig.) Wasser und Brot
2. transitive verbknow which side one's bread is buttered — wissen, wo etwas zu holen ist
* * *n.Brot -e n. v.panieren v. -
5 bread
[bred] ncrust of \bread Brotrinde f, Brotkruste f;a slice of \bread eine Scheibe Brot;\bread and water;(fig: diet of poverty) Brot und Wasser;( chosen abstinence) Luft und Ideale;to bake \bread Brot backento break the \bread das Brot brechenPHRASES:\bread and circuses Brot und Spiele;the \bread of life das Brot des Lebens;for her, music was the \bread of life für sie war die Musik wie ein Lebenselixier;to take the \bread out of sb's mouth jdm das Wasser abgraben;to know which side one's \bread is buttered ( fam) seinen Vorteil kennen;to want one's \bread buttered on both sides ( fam) das Unmögliche wollen;the best thing since sliced \bread die beste Sache seit Menschengedenken;he thinks his new secretary's the best thing since sliced \bread er hält seine neue Sekretärin für absolut spitze ( fam)to cast one's \bread upon the waters etw ohne eine Dankeserwartung tun; -
6 settle
урегулировать имя существительное: глагол:поселиться (settle, settle Down, fix oneself in a place, take up one's residence, make one's home, take up one's abode)располагаться (settle, encamp)расселяться (settle, separate)поселяться (settle, colonize, locate)отстаиваться (settle, cream)успокаиваться (calm down, quiet, settle down, quiet down, quieten, settle)усаживаться (sit down, settle, sit oneself)образумиться (settle, settle down)колонизировать (colonize, settle)угомониться (calm down, settle down, settle) -
7 society
1. n общественный строй, обществоfraternal society — клуб, общество
2. n свет, светское общество3. n общество, объединение, ассоциация, организацияto leave society — удалиться от общества, покинуть общество
on the top notch of society — в высшем обществе, в верхах
4. n общение, контакт5. n амер. церковная община6. n биол. сообществоGreat Society — «великое общество», программа президента Джонсона
Синонимический ряд:1. aristocracy (noun) aristocracy; aristoi; blue blood; carriage trade; creme de la creme; flower; gentility; gentry; haut monde; optimacy; patriciate; quality; upper class; upper crust; who's who2. association (noun) association; brotherhood; circle; clique; club; companionship; company; comradeship; confederation; congress; federation; fellowship; fraternity; friendship; guild; league; order; organisation; organization; sodality; union3. elite (noun) elite; four hundred; gentlefolk; nobility; plutocracy4. public (noun) civilisation; civilization; commonwealth; community; culture; nation; people; populace; publicАнтонимический ряд:personality; privacy; segregation; separation; solitariness -
8 Lucas, Anthony Francis
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 9 September 1855 Spalato, Dalmatia, Austria-Hungary (now Split, Croatia)d. 2 September 1921 Washington, DC, USA[br]Austrian (naturalized American) mining engineer who successfully applied rotary drilling to oil extraction.[br]A former Second Lieutenant of the Austrian navy (hence his later nickname "Captain") and graduate of the Polytechnic Institute of Graz, Lucas decided to stay in Michigan when he visited his relatives in 1879. He changed his original name, Lucie, into the form his uncle had adopted and became a naturalized American citizen at the age of 30. He worked in the lumber industry for some years and then became a consulting mechanical and mining engineer in Washington, DC. He began working for a salt-mining company in Louisiana in 1893 and became interested in the geology of the Mexican Gulf region, with a view to prospecting for petroleum. In the course of this work he came to the conclusion that the hills in this elevated area, being geological structures distinct from the surrounding deposits, were natural reservoirs of petroleum. To prove his unusual theory he subsequently chose Spindle Top, near Beaumont, Texas, where in 1899 he began to bore a first oil-well. A second drill-hole, started in October 1900, was put through clay and quicksand. After many difficulties, a layer of rock containing marine shells was reached. When the "gusher" came out on 10 January 1901, it not only opened up a new era in the oil and gas business, but it also led to the future exploration of the terrestrial crust.Lucas's boring was a breakthrough for the rotary drilling system, which was still in its early days although its principles had been established by the English engineer Robert Beart in his patent of 1884. It proved to have advantages over the pile-driving of pipes. A pipe with a simple cutter at the lower end was driven with a constantly revolving motion, grinding down on the bottom of the well, thus gouging and chipping its way downward. To deal with the quicksand he adopted the use of large and heavy casings successively telescoped one into the other. According to Fauvelle's method, water was forced through the pipe by means of a pump, so the well was kept full of circulating liquid during drilling, flushing up the mud. When the salt-rock was reached, a diamond drill was used to test the depth and the character of the deposit.When the well blew out and flowed freely he developed a preventer in order to save the oil and, even more importantly at the time, to shut the well and to control the oil flow. This assembly, patented in 1903, consisted of a combined system of pipes, valves and casings diverting the stream into a horizontal direction.Lucas's fame spread around the world, but as he had to relinquish the larger part of his interest to the oil company supporting the exploration, his financial reward was poor. One year after his success at Spindle Top he started oil exploration in Mexico, where he stayed until 1905, when he resumed his consulting practice in Washington, DC.[br]Bibliography1899, "Rock-salt in Louisiana", Transactions of the American Institution of Mining Engineers 29:462–74.1902, "The great oil-well near Beaumont, Texas", Transactions of the AmericanInstitution of Mining Engineers 31:362–74.Further ReadingR.S.McBeth, 1918, Pioneering the Gulf Coast, New York (a very detailed description of Lucas's important accomplishments in the development of the oil industry).R.T.Hill, 1903, "The Beaumont oil-field, with notes on other oil-fields of the Texas region", Transactions of the American Institution of Mining Engineers 33:363–405;Transactions of the American Institution of Mining Engineers 55:421–3 (contain shorter biographical notes).WK -
9 fossil fuel
горючее полезное ископаемое
Полезное ископаемое, содержащее горючие компоненты и используемое в качестве источника тепловой энергии и для технологических целей.
[ ГОСТ Р 50544-93]Тематики
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ископаемое топливо
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
fossil fuel
The energy-containing materials which were converted over many thousands of years from their original form of trees, plants and other organisms after being buried in the ground. Physical and chemical processes occurred in the Earth's crust that changed them into coal, peat, oil or natural gas. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > fossil fuel
См. также в других словарях:
crust — early 14c., hard outer part of bread, from O.Fr. crouste (13c., Mod.Fr. croûte) and directly from L. crusta rind, crust, shell, bark, from PIE *krus to that which has been hardened, from root *kreus to begin to freeze, form a crust (Cf. Skt. krud … Etymology dictionary
crust — 1. noun /kɹʌst/ a) A more solid, dense or hard layer on a surface or boundary. Youve got a lot of crust standing there saying that. b) The external layer of most types of bre … Wiktionary
form — /fɔm / (say fawm) noun 1. definite shape; external shape or appearance considered apart from colour or material; configuration. 2. the shape of a thing or person. 3. a body, especially that of a human being. 4. something that gives or determines… …
crust — Pāpa a. ♦ Crust of bread, pāpa a o ka palaoa. ♦ To begin to form a crust, as a wound, olomio … English-Hawaiian dictionary
Crust punk — Stylistic origins Anarcho punk Extreme metal[1] Hardcore punk[1] D beat[2] … Wikipedia
crust´like´ — crust «kruhst», noun, verb. –n. 1. the hard, outside part of bread: »Baking makes the crust hard and dry to protect the crumb inside. 2. a) a piece of this: »The boy was told to eat the crusts of his sandwich. b) any hard, dry piece of bread. 3.… … Useful english dictionary
crust´less — crust «kruhst», noun, verb. –n. 1. the hard, outside part of bread: »Baking makes the crust hard and dry to protect the crumb inside. 2. a) a piece of this: »The boy was told to eat the crusts of his sandwich. b) any hard, dry piece of bread. 3.… … Useful english dictionary
crust — ► NOUN 1) the tough outer part of a loaf of bread. 2) a hard, dry scrap of bread. 3) informal a living or livelihood: earning a crust. 4) a hardened layer, coating, or deposit on something soft. 5) a layer of pastry covering a pie. 6) the… … English terms dictionary
crust — [krust] n. [ME cruste < OFr or L: OFr crouste < L crusta: for IE base see CRUDE] 1. a) the hard, crisp outer part of bread b) a piece of this c) any dry, hard piece of bread 2. the pastry shell of a pie … English World dictionary
Crust (geology) — Geologic provinces of the world (USGS) Shield … Wikipedia
crust — crustless, adj. /krust/, n. 1. the brown, hard outer portion or surface of a loaf or slice of bread (distinguished from crumb). 2. a slice of bread from the end of a loaf, consisting chiefly of this. 3. the pastry covering the outside of a pie or … Universalium
